Steinbecks The Pearl Essays - The Pearl, John Steinbeck, Midas

British effects on native americans essays

English impacts on local americans articles As the disclosure of the New World advanced, huge quantities of white people moved toward the North American mainland, and significantly modified Native Americans lives socially and monetarily. Any place they lived Indians found that triumph stressed customary lifestyles. Generally all Native American gatherings had to devise better approaches to make due in physical and social environments that inevitably disintegrated custom One of the main pioneers for investigation of the New World was the British. As they moved onto the North American mainland, the British carried alongside them an ethnocentric disposition. Which implied from the earliest starting point they thought of the Native Americans as lesser individuals and that their way of life, and method of directing their economy wasn't right. With this disposition, the British attempted to acculturate the Indians by making them dress like pioneers, and power them to air conditioning cept Christianity. These constrained changes were a venturing stone to the lessening of Native American culture. Notwithstanding that, the British likewise carried with them sickness. Since Native Americans had minimal characteristic invulnerability to regular European illnesses, when they were presented to flu, typhus, measles, and particularly little pox they kicked the bucket in the millions. This quick spread of ailment made an enormous blow the Native American populace, here and there clearing out whole clans and alongside them their whole culture would be deleted. The hide exchange, more than some other action, added to the white investigation and opening of the wild and it prompted broad contacts among whites and Indians. All the frontier powers, particularly the British, were associated with the mass business abuse of creature skin. Rivalry among the European countries and among the Indian clans for the hide exchange was a main consideration in a large number of the intertribal clashes and provincial war. ... <!

Buy, Borrow, Bypass Recent Books on Racial Justice

Buy, Borrow, Bypass Recent Books on Racial Justice Racial justice and injustice are all over the news these days, and for good reason. Its essential that all of us, especially those of us who are white, understand the roots of racism and its effects. As a southern white American, Ive seen racism my whole life, but its only in the last few years that Ive become aware of just how pervasive it is in American society. A lot of my learning has come from books, and 2017 has brought a large supply of new books to learn from. These are my thoughts on a few of this years books on race and racial justice. Tears We Cannot Stop: A Sermon to White America by Michael Eric Dyson Dyson, a Georgetown professor and an ordained minister, delivers a searing sermon calling on white Americans to grapple with our countrys legacy of white supremacy. Formatted like a worship service, with sections titled Hymns of Praise, Invocation, Scripture Reading, and so on, this book is filled with stories of how black people have faced oppression and suspicion again and again. Dyson specifically addresses the ways many white people attempt to deflect any conversation about racism. His arguments about the difference between nationalism and patriotism are especially cogent. As a whole, the book is a powerful call for empathy. Verdict: Buy. This is one to return to again and again. Policing the Black Man: Arrest, Prosecution, and Imprisonment edited by Angela J. Davis This collection of academic essays lays out how the American justice system singles out black men as objects of suspicion, deserving of punishment for even the smallest infraction. The authors look at recent headlines, but they also delve into history, showing how blackness has been criminalized throughout American history. Each author takes up a different aspect of the justice system, and together they provide a thorough picture of how the system is rigged. The essays do sometimes overlap, but each one provides something of value.  Verdict: Borrow. Worth reading, but not a keeper. The Color of Law: A Forgotten History of How Our Government Segregated America by Richard Rothstein Before reading this book, I was aware of some aspects of Americas history of housing segregation. I knew, for instance, that real estate agents avoided showing black people homes in predominantly white neighborhoods and that black families moving into white neighborhoods faced persecution. But until reading this book, I had no idea how deep the problem goes. Rothstein carefully marshalls the evidence showing how segregation was not just a matter of chance but something that federal, state, and local governments had an active hand in. At every turn, when one segregationist law gets struck down, another racist practice comes along to subvert any efforts at desegregation. And those policies meant that black Americans lost out on opportunities to accumulate wealth through home equity that they could pass down through the generations. Rothstein includes several specific stories, but his overall approach is to focus on the patterns, rather than the individuals. I worried that this would ma ke the book dry, but the clarity of Rothsteins prose makes his arguments easy to follow. Verdict: Buy. This will be a useful reference whenever stories about housing come up in the news.

Public Sociology And Its Normative Commitment - 1169 Words

4.1. Public sociology and its normative commitment Concerning Burawoy’s appeal for sociologists to be involved in social change and improvement, Hanemaayer Schneider (2014) asked how and under what circumstances should or should not sociologists advocate for social change? And how do we know what is best for humanity? Noteworthy of Durkheim’s concerns of public sociology is the caution of the discipline being value-ladden in terms of its normative commitments on social issues (Hanemaayer, 2014). In its ambition to recommend what is best for humanity, the discipline can become guilty of becoming an ideological science; where the discipline becoming overdetermined to provide solutions through moralization which causes it to erroneously use its value-oriented notions to govern the collation of facts. The danger of this approach is that the concept, i.e. what is good or right in the interest of humanity, normatively determines the organization of facts as the concept reproduces itself upon the facts (aprior organization of facts) (Hanemaayer, 2014). Thus, research no longer becomes a tool for objective and critical analysis but a way to legitimate the values the sociologist wants to see. Title (2004) also argues that every social issue inherently involves moral dilemmas as what is or is not can be ambiguous. For example, preventing diseases (which can be adjudged to be good/right) tends to restrict human freedom and implies the making of hard decisions about allocation ofShow MoreRelatedBecause Religion Is A Difficult Concept To Define, It Faces1709 Words   |  7 Pagesaccepting certain doctrines); - Religion as meaning and cultural order (the notion of culture is broader than belief is evident in the sociological and anthropological approaches to religion); - Religion as values (it gives greater emphasis to the normative dimension of religion); - Religion as discourse (researchers of religion influenced by Foucault, tend to treat religion as a discourse and not as culture and values); - Religion as ideology and mystification (this approach differs from the restRead MoreThe Social Theory Of Crime Essay1548 Words   |  7 Pagestheories. His prospective on the theory suggest that individuals socialized in disorganized neighborhoods are likely to have associations that will encourage criminal adaptations. According to John H. Laub in The Sutherland-Glueck Debate: On the Sociology of Criminological Knowledge â€Å"During the 1930s, Edwin Sutherland established the sociological model of crime as the dominant paradigm in criminology and as a result became the most influential criminologist of the 20th century† (3). Sutherland researchRead MoreChanging Connection Between Professionalism And Managerialism1622 Words   |  7 Pagesand institutional environment on the professionalism are discussed to determine the change in the values, norms and practices of nurses’ profession with the interview of 103 nurses at managerial duties. Firstly, Carvalho (2014) discusses that new public management and managerialism as the challenges for professionalism. In this, managerialism is concerned as the major threat for professionals as it increases organizational control over the autonomy over professional. But it is quite narrow aspectRead MoreCareer Success6811 Words   |  28 PagesANALYSIS OF THE RELATION BETWEEN SUBJECTIVE CAREER SUCCESS, ORGANIZATIONAL COMMITMENT AND THE INTENTION TO LEAVE THE ORGANIZATION Pep SIMO Mihaela ENACHE Josà © Maria SALLAN LEYES Vicenà § FERNà NDEZ ALARCÓN Pep SIMO Lecturer, Department of Business Administration, Technical University of Catalonia, Barcelona, Spain Tel.: 034-93-7398171 E-mail: pep.simo@upc.edu Mihaela ENACHE (Corresponding author) Assistant Professor, Department of Business Administration, Technical University of Catalonia, BarcelonaRead MoreCompare and contrast two main sociological theories of crime and deviance.1636 Words   |  7 Pagesprocessed (labeled) as a deviant? Sociology asserts that deviance is problematic, yet essential and intrinsic to any conception of Social Order. It is problematic because it disrupts but is essential because it defines the confines of our shared reality. According to sociologist , William Graham Sumner, deviance is a violation of established contextual, cultural, or social norms, whether folkways, mores, or codified law (1906). It can be as minor as picking one’s nose in public or as major as committingRead MoreOverview of Social Construction of Reality2051 Words   |  8 Pagesexperiences. For instance, television stresses close-up views forming a sense of knowledge with geographically dispersed places and people. More so, with respect to television viewing, coverage of live events offers viewers a sense of engagement in public affairs, and television images appears genuine to viewers. In this regard, making news is an action of reality construction where the construction of reality in local television starts with the decision of a given newsroom to cover a certain storyRead MoreSociology and Suicide3277 Words   |  14 Pages‘’How has Sociology contributed to our understanding of ‘Suicide’†? Introduction The essay will attempt to evaluate and assess how the various theoretical perspectives within sociology have contributed to our understanding of the deviant, individual act of ‘suicide’. This will be achieved by defining and evaluating ‘functionalism’, a ‘macro perspective’ and the application of this functionalistic approach formulated by Emile Durkheim, to the social phenomenon of ‘suicide’. Criticisms in relationRead MoreEmile Durkheims The Division of Labour in Society2381 Words   |  10 PagesOutline and discuss Durkheim’s ‘The Division of Labour in Society’ Frequently referred to as â€Å"the father of sociology†, Emile Durkheim was one of the most influential and high-ranking individuals in contemporary social thought. His work has stimulated great levels of achievement for many years amongst sociologists in terms of studying civil societies, cultural analysis and the sociology of the emotions (Emirbayer and Cohen 2003:1). Durkheim’s perspectives cover a broad range of other issues as wellRead MoreTheoretical Orientation And Framework. Employer-Employee5229 Words   |  21 Pagespromotes their economic relevance. The state is also seen to assist in breaking down the working class through different means, which includes legal, economic, political and other means that are repressive (Liu, 1997; Poulantzas, 1968). Poulantzas sees public officials as instruments of labour repression through the â€Å"provisional compromises† and concessions they make. This neutralizes the workers threats to bourgeois democracy and as such consolidates the interests of dominant classes. Political powerRead MoreInstitutionalized Organizations: Formal Structure as Myth and Ceremony9428 Words   |  38 PagesInstitutionalized Organizations: Formal Structure as Myth and Ceremony Author(s): John W. Meyer and Brian Rowan Reviewed work(s): Source: American Journal of Sociology, Vol. 83, No. 2 (Sep., 1977), pp. 340-363 Published by: The University of Chicago Press Stable URL: http://www.jstor.org/stable/2778293 . Accessed: 25/01/2012 14:10 Your use of the JSTOR archive indicates your acceptance of the Terms Conditions of Use, available at . http://www.jstor.org/page/info/about/policies/terms.jsp JSTOR is

The Health Insurance Portability And Accountability Act Of...

HIPPA Compliance Administrators that practice in a healthcare setting are used to the turbulence and at times rapid change in healthcare. They find themselves in the private, public, or non-profit sectors of health care, managed care arrangements, integrated service networks, or community agencies. To be an effective manager, it is important to understand the legal and ethical principles that are included in this environment and the legal relationship between consumer and the organization. The Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act of 1996, also known as HIPAA, was created to prevent the unauthorized release of patient information. The Office for Civil Rights enforces the HIPAA Privacy Rule, which protects the privacy of†¦show more content†¦Personal health information can be anything from general information such as the patient’s name, medical record number, social security number, address, or even their date of birth. Any health information pertains to the patient such as diagnosis, medical history, medications. Employees must make sure no medical paper work is visible as well as screen protectors are on all computer screens, where you may be documenting health information. It is important that all health care employees log out of a computer when they leave that station. Employees that are aware of a breach of confidently should use their change of command set up by their facility also notify their incidents or situations to their hospital’s privacy officer. To promote the proper use of health information, the Health Information Technology for Economic and Clinical Health Act, or HITECH Act, was created. Prior to the HITECH Act, HIPAA violations only resulted in minimal fines. Violations would result in a $100 fine, and a covered entity could only achieve a total of $25,000 in fines in one calendar year. The HITECH Act has broken the violations down into four categories, and has distributed the fines across them based on the category of violation. The first category would be a violations that caused by someone who didn’t know they were violating HIPAA. The fines for this tier are in the range The Health Insurance Portability And Accountability Act Of... HIPPA and Information Management Introduction The Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act of 1996 (HIPAA) was passed to protect patients, it offer the following benefits (a) enables the patient to find out how their health records can be used, (b) limits the release of personnel health records, (c) patients have the opportunity to receive a copy of their health records, and (d) gives the patient the authority to control if their information will be disclosed to a third party. Under HIPPA any information that can be used to identify an individual is covered under the law. HIPPA and information management allows the federal government to implement guidelines to ensure that there are standards in place during the (a)†¦show more content†¦Literature Review HIPPA and Information Management Regulatory Background HIPAA and Information Management is a set of guidelines that have been established by the Federal government to protect the privacy and security of health information. The government passed the HIPPA legislation to accomplish the following: (a) expedite quality health care, (b) increase control over and access of medical records, and (c) decrease administrative cost of healthcare providers (Artnak, Benson, 2005). The Department of Health and Human Services (HHS) is the federal agency that has been mandated to develop guidelines, and procedures. The government published the HIPPA privacy rules and the HIPPA security rules (National Institute of Standards and Technology, 2008). HIPPA laws are designed to (a) protect the person’s medical records, (b) protect personal information, (c) provide protection to medical professionals, and (d) offer the capability to incorporate new technology to improve the quality and efficiency of patient care (HHS, n.d.a). As a result of the rapid change in technology there are concerns regarding how to secure and manage electronic health records. Can anyone guarantee that electronic health records will ever be 100% secure? If you think about it, when medical records were strictly maintained using paper no one could offer 100% security. The government has measures in place to keep up with the ever so changing world of information The Health Insurance Portability And Accountability Act Of... Another important component within Healthcare information security is having the necessary legal backing to create and enforce information security laws. Without such laws, healthcare providers would not be required to show due diligence in protecting patient information, and patient information would be at risk. Thus, legislation is beginning to play a significant role in establishing rules, regulations, and consequences. For instance, the Office of Civil Rights (OCR) maintains one of the most well-known laws meant to protect the privacy of health information - the Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act of 1996 (HIPAA). HIPAA is composed of statute and rules such as the Privacy Rule, Security Rule, Breach Notification Rule,†¦show more content†¦For instance, while the HIPAA mandates risk assessment and risk management, it â€Å"does not mandate the frequency of reviews or updates† (Sayles Trawick, 2010, p. 304-305). Thus, lack of specifics can lead to s ome inadequacies or inconsistencies within the legal system, causing healthcare providers and/or patients to adopt information technology with reluctance. Ultimately, enforceable legislation is a significant step for obtaining a strong foundation for information security in healthcare. It is imperative that the legal system be able to dynamically and quickly adapt to the needs of the healthcare industry, in order to keep pace with information technology and the latest security threats. In addition to legal support, standards have been implemented to assist with health information security. For instance, the ISO/IEC 27002 is a standard that was created in the mid 1990’s to provide theory and recommended techniques for dealing with information security. Furthermore, the ISO 27799 supplements the ISO/IEC 27002 by providing more detailed guidance that has been customized for the healthcare industry. According to Fernà ¡ndez-Alemà ¡n, Seà ±or, Lozoya, Toval, the ISO 27799 standard â€Å"provides clear, concise and healthcare-specific guidance on the selection and implementation of security controls for the protection of health information, and is adaptable to the wide range of sizes, locations, and service delivery models found in healthcare.† Thus, it would appear that

The factory system took little account of the needs of workers †How far do you agree with this statement Free Essays

On the whole I agree with this statement. Most factory owners did not take into the account the needs of their workers. However, there were some exceptions, sir Titus salt for example. We will write a custom essay sample on The factory system took little account of the needs of workers – How far do you agree with this statement? or any similar topic only for you Order Now To begin with I shall look at the factory system in general and the appalling living and working conditions it imposed on its workers. In the factory towns houses were squeezed into the centres of towns or around the factories. Landlords crammed as many people into houses as they could. The water supply was another problem. Sewage and rubbish was left in the backyard, piled up in the street or thrown into open drains, which ran down the roads. Even where there were drains and sewage pipes, they normally ran into the local rivers – where people collected their water. Most factory owners built the house quickly which made them not safe and also built them closely together witch meant diseases, people having to share toilets which caused dirty water. People had to buy fresh water from carts and rich people. â€Å"Sixty thousand of the population had no running water except from wells and rain water† (From the commercial directory of Leeds – 1834) The dirty water caused lots of disease such as cholera. Cholera was a disease that arrived from the continent. It could kill a person very quickly. People only used to live to 19 on an average due to disease. The reason for this was that people worked at least 9 hours a day and only had four hours sleep. Most people were too tired to eat after they came home from work. Most people only got paid fifteen shillings, which is equal to fifteen pence per week. If they wanted to work over time they only got a further three pence. Many people went to live in the towns so that they could find work in the factories. Before this they had worked in their homes. Factory life was very different. Children were often beaten black and blue with a strap or kicked in the ribs. If you got injured. For example lost your finger in a machine you wouldn’t have got any wages. Girls who had long hair often had their hair chopped off as a punishment for bad work. The power loom would of would of made a terrible noise this causing harm/ear acre for the factory workers most of the time they was nothing to stop the workers from breathing in the dust from the machines. † My eldest. The cog caught her finger and screwed it off below the knuckle† (Samuel Coulson, Father of two girls, giving evidence to the committee – 1832) The factory owners only paid their workers very little amount of money or even none at all when they were off due to sickness, they may have even lost there jobs and became paupers. Those people who were fit were made to go to the workhouse often families were separated. The food was poor and they had to where a uniform. There were 129 steam factories in Bradford and Bradford had become the world centre of the worsted industry. Worsted is a fine woollen cloth used to make women’s dresses and men’s suits. The town often attracted tens of thousands of migrants – mainly young men and women who wanted to work in the mills, they came from all over the British Isles. The town was unable to cope with them. No one took responsibility for a long time. There were terrible problems of drunkenness, violence and crime. The pollution of the atmosphere in Bradford was dreadful. When the magistrates tried to introduce the workhouse system to Bradford in 1836 they had to flee to Leeds as the mob tried to take control of the town. This map shows that there was only a little built up area in Bradford about 1800 But in 1879 they where much more houses built more closely together and more people were living in them. The rapid growth of population caused terrible problems because there were no rules or regulations about building houses. Here I include a source from the Bradford Observer June 5th 1845. Thompson’s buildings – this locality is situate on an eminence at the foot of which runs a filthy beck, or stream, impregnated with the refuse of dye houses, manufactories, and dwellings contiguous to it. The streets are narrow and filthy, and the general arrangement of the dwellings unfavourable to health. The inhabitants uniformly complain of ill health. In 12 cases taken on rotation, the figures showed that the dwellings are inhabited by ninety-five persons, having only twenty four beds, or eight to one bedroom, the average size of which is seventeen feet by fifteen. Case 7: Family 9 ,rooms and beds 2, house workers 5. Case 8: Same numbers of family, beds, and rooms as last; house workers 4. Case 9: Family 6; rooms and beds 2, house workers 4. Case 10: Family 10, rooms and beds 2; house workers 5. Case 11: Family 7; rooms 2; bed 1; house workers 4. Case 12: Family 11; rooms 3 beds 2, house workers 5. Case 13: Family 8; rooms, beds, and workers 2; females, charcoal. Case 14: Family 12, rooms 2, beds 3, workers 4; females 2; coals. Case 15: Family 7; rooms and beds 2; workers 4; female 1. Case 16: Family 10; rooms 2, beds 3; workers 4. Case 18: Family 4; room and bed; workers 2; female 1. This meant that they would be more pollution; they would be more sewage in the streets, which would attract rats and other vermin. The pollution was so bad that the canal was called â€Å"STINK RIVER†. A survey in 1845 revealed that between 8 and 12 people lived in two rooms on average. This, along with poor sanitation, badly built (jerry built) houses caused the life expectation in Bradford to be the lowest in Yorkshire – only 20 years of age. They were exceptions though my first example is Robert Owen 1771 – 1858. Between the years 1815 to 1820 they was distress and a lot of unemployment. Parliaments were Luke warm about the new idea, but the setting up of villages of co-operation remained the basic aim of socialists and the co-operative movement up to the middle of the nineteenth centaury. One of the most dramatic events in Robert Owens life was the forming of the Grand National Consolidated Trades Union in 1834. Though the settlements were a failure, the co-operative movements inspired Robert Owen, spread rapidly through Britain between 1826 and 1835, when some two hundred and fifty Co-operative societies were formed. They set up stores for the sale of high quality goods at reasonable prices and formed producers’ co-operatives to help the unemployed. It was the co-operative retail shop, which gave the movement its greatest success. Here I include the map of Robert Owens successful mill, New Lanark. Owen gave socialism all its basic ideas. He laid the foundations of the co-operative movement and left his mark on trade unionism. He was a pioneer in a factory reform and progressive education, and few men have played such a large part in social reform. Now I go on to look at my second example, Sir Titus Salt. Sir Titus Salt was born at Morley in 1803. He first worked for his father as a wool merchant. He later set up his own spinning plant in Bradford in 1834. By this time he had married Caroline Whitlon, The daughter of a rich Lincolnshire sheep farmer. He first carried out a social survey among his workers to see what size house they needed. It had not previously occurred to anyone that a worker with ten children needed more rooms in his house than a worker with one child. Sir Titus Salt chose a site adjoining the Leeds Liverpool canal, the River Aire and the newly made railway station, So he had ideal transport facilities for his trading. It was a massive mill, he chose innovative architects, and agreed to their suggestion of Italianite style. There was space, light and warmth in his new mill. The location was superb, in a green and pleasant are. The mill opened in 1853 on Titus Salts 50th birthday. He then created an entire village of houses, park, school, library, recreation and a learning institute and an outdoor sport facility. The streets were named after his children and family. He called this village â€Å"Saltaire†. Titus employed a large number of workers in combing, spinning and weaving his cloth. He had business connections throughout Europe and America and yet â€Å"For in his making his thousands he never forgot, the thousands who helped him to make them† Titus had simple but good education, and would have liked to become a doctor, but could not stand the sight of blood, so that ambition was quashed, although it did show that young Titus was aware of health and disease. His family were Congregationalists, and religion was very influential in their upbringing. On the whole I agree that the factory system took little account of the needs of its workers but there were exceptions, sir Titus Salt and Robert Owen were one of these exceptions. How to cite The factory system took little account of the needs of workers – How far do you agree with this statement?, Papers

Sequence and Rate of Each Aspect of Development free essay sample

Children are given intellectual development at a young age and their own experiences. It is important to know that children learn in different ways and at different speed, and find particular activities more or less difficult than other according to own strengths and abilities. Social, emotional and behavioral development Children should learn to have confidence in becoming independent from adults as they get older, these development is about how children feel about themselves and relate to others. The table below shows the different developments to age. | 0-3 Years| 3-7 Years| 7-12 Years| 12-16 Years| Physical development| Period of fast physical development. New born have little control over their bodies. Sucking and grasping which are reflexes of movement, which they need to survive, in the first year they learn more control over their bodies, by 12 months most babies have developed to crawling or rolling, by their 2nd year they continue to grow and develop quickly learning to walk, using their hands for pointing, holding small objects, and dressing and feeding themselves. We will write a custom essay sample on Sequence and Rate of Each Aspect of Development or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page | They can carry out more coordinated movements and growing in confidence. They have more control over fine motor skills like cutting, writing and drawing. They also have more confident in activities such as running hopping, kicking a ball, catching and using larger equipment. | They continue to grow, develop and refine many of their skills through these years. Dance and sport become hobbies and interests, which means they are more practiced in some areas. There fine motor skills have developed which means they can learn such things as sewing, drawing and playing an instrument. Girls start to show signs of the early stage of puberty about age 10 or 11 and boys puberty usually starts to show later, when there will be another period of rapid physical growth. In these years they are growing stronger. Boys are going through puberty and girls have completed the process and have regular periods. There is a variety in height and strength between these ages, on average boys are taller than girls at the end of this stage. | Communication and language development| From an early age adults talk to babies even know they can’t understand what they are saying, babies that don’t have contact with adult have problems learning communication skills, it is around 12 months that babies try to speak, even though pronunciation is not clear and words are usually used in isolation. At about 1 and 2 years they start to put words together, around 2 years old most children know around 200 words and between 2 and 3 years, children start to use negative and plurals in their speech, they still make errors with their grammar when in speech like â€Å"I drawed it†| At this stage they become more confidence with talking and start to ask a lot more questions and talk about thing in the past and future tenses, they start to use a lot more familiar phrases and expressions. Most children by this stage and onwards are able to speak with fluency in their own language and are refining their skills at reading and writing, they are able to have full discussion and put their ideas forwards and learning in more abstract terms. | | Intellectual development| They start to look around, enjoy repetitive activities on which they can predict the outcome of the activity, when playing hide and seek they start to understand that the object is still there when hidden, they can start to recognize colors’ and point to them, they can identify different items and point to them. They become skilled with aspects of numbers and writing, also they are starting to read with become more confidence with reading, as well as learning about the world but they are still looking for adult approval. | Children start to develop ideas about subjects they enjoy, they are becoming fluent in writing and reading skills and are still influenced by adults. They are able to transfer information and think in a more abstract way by using their own thoughts. | Young pupils in this stage know their favorite subjects, activities and have clear ideas about these. They are choosing what GCSEs to sit in which they are able to achieve. They might not have a lot of confidence or avoid situations in areas that they do not like. In teenagers they need to feel good about themselves and they want to belong. | Social, emotional and behavioral development| Babies at this stage form strong attachments which are usually with parents and carers, they start to find their own identities from about the age of 2. Form age 2 they start to have tantrums through frustration and will want to do things for themselves.